Austria

VIENNA: This Human World, international human rights film festival, through Dec. 11.

SALZBURG: Advent Singing, Grosse Festspielehaus, through Dec. 15.

SALZBURG: Winterfest, circus performances in tents in Volksgarten, through Jan. 8.

SALZBURG AND SUBURBS: Krampus Runs, frightening beasts in costumes run through town, Dec. 3, 5-6 and 8.

SALZBURG: Winterfest, international circus acts in the Volksgarten, through Jan. 8.

ST. ANTON: Ski season opening celebrations, through Dec. 4.

INNSBRUCK: Luge World Cup, Dec. 3-4.

INNSBRUCK: East Tyrolian Krampus Run, Dec. 4-5 and 7.

SILVRETTA-MONTAFON: World Cup Montafon, ski cross and snowboard cross World Cup competitions, Dec. 7-9.

HOCHFILZEN: IBU Biathlon World Cup, Dec. 7-11.

FLACHAU: Winter Start Up, equipment testing and live acts, Dec. 8-11.

SCHLADMING: Start of Winter Opening Party, Dec. 8-11.

MAYRHOFEN-HIPPACH: Rise & Fall, team ski competition involves skiing, paragliding and mountain biking, Dec. 10.

PITZTAL: Hochzeiger Open Air, Alvaro Soler and Gregor Meyle perform, Dec. 10.

SAALBACH-HINTERGLEMM: Rave on Snow, club festival with electronic music, Dec. 15-18.

GERLOS: Zillertal Arena Ski and Snowboard Season opening, live acts and yoga, Dec. 16-19.

SOELL: SkiWelt Winter Opening party, Wilder Kaiser Brixental, Dec. 17.

VIENNA: Christmas in Vienna, gala concert, Wiener Konzerthaus, Dec. 17.

INNSBRUCK: Christkind Parade, Dec. 18.

CORTINA D’AMPEZZO: Women’s Alpine Ski World Cup, Dec. 28-29.

VIENNA: New Year’s Trail, live entertainment, waltzing lessons, food and drink stands throughout town, Dec. 31.

Belgium

LIEGE: Village de Noel, Belgium’s largest Christmas village, through Dec. 30.

BRUSSELS: Winter Wonders, Christmas market and skating rink, through Jan. 1.

BRUGES: Winter Glow, Christmas market and illuminated trail, through Jan. 8.

LEUVEN: Short Film Festival, through Dec. 10.

BRUGES: December Dance, international dance festival, Concertgebouw, Dec. 8-18.

BASTOGNE: Battle of the Bulge, perimeter walk, commemorations and tossing of walnuts from City Hall, Dec. 9-11.

NAMUR: Salon du Vin, wine and gastronomy fair, Namur Expo, Dec. 9-11.

MODAVE: Christmas at the Castle, festively decorated rooms at the Chateau de Modave, this year's theme is “Magical Christmases and Wonderful Tales,” Dec. 10-Jan. 8.

ROTTERDAM: Bridges Run Rotterdam, 15 km route through city, Dec. 11.

KORTRIJK: Gent Militaria, military memorabilia fair, XPO, Dec. 11.

ANTWERP: Art and Antwerp, contemporary art fair, Expo, Dec. 15-18.

ESSEN: Christmas Beer Festival, Dec. 17-18.

MECHELEN: Christmas Jumping, horse jumping event, Expo, Dec. 26-30.

Croatia

DUBROVNIK: Winter Festival, through Jan. 6.

ZAGREB: Advent in Zagreb, through Jan. 7.

DAKOVO: Christmas Ball Lipizzaner, Dec. 10.

Czech Republic

PRAGUE: Christmas market, through Dec. 24.

SLAVKOV: Battle of Austerlitz re-enactments, through Dec. 4.

PRAGUE: Asian Film Festival, Bio Oko and Lucerna, through Dec. 6.

KROVOKLAT: Christmas in the Castle Courtyard, Dec. 3-5 and 10-11.

PRAGUE: Eve of Saint Nicholas Day, or Mikulas, celebrated on Old Town Square and countrywide, Dec. 5.

PRAGUE: Czech Touches of Music, international classical music festival, various dates between Dec. 11 and Jan 6.

PRAGUE: Magnetic Festival, electronic dance music festival, Dec. 17.

PRAGUE: Christmas Night Run, Dec. 17.

PRAGUE: Dyzajn Market Winter, craft and design market, Expo Center, Dec. 10-11.

Denmark

AARHUS: Christmas in the Old Town Museum, dates through Dec. 26.

COPENHAGEN: Christmas in Tivoli Gardens, through Dec. 31.

ODENSE: Hans Christian Andersen Christmas market, Dec. 3-4 and Dec. 10-11.

ELSINORE: Kronborg Castle Christmas fair, Dec. 4-5.

COPENHAGEN: Christiania Julemarked, Oriental bazaar style Christmas market, Den Gra Hal, Christiania, Dec. 9-20.

COPENHAGEN: Lucia Kayaking, Santa Lucia parade made up of kayaks in the canals, Dec. 13.

England

LONDON: London International Animation Festival, Barbican and The Horse Hospital, through Dec. 4.

BATH: Christmas market, through Dec. 11.

MANCHESTER: Christmas markets, Albert Square and other sites, through Dec. 22.

WINCHESTER: Winchester Cathedral Christmas market, through Dec. 22.

BIRMINGHAM: Frankfurt Christmas Market, through Dec. 23.

LONDON: Hyde Park Winter Wonderland, through Jan. 2.

LONDON: Christmas in Leicester Square, through Jan. 7.

LONDON: Southbank Centre in Winter, through Jan. 8.

LONDON: Christmas at Kew, trail of lights through Kew Gardens, through Jan. 8.

LONDON: Hogwarts in the Snow, Warner Bros. Studio Tour, through Jan. 15.

NEWARK: IACF Antiques & Collectors Fair, Showgrounds, Dec. 1-2.

LONDON: The London International Horse Show, Olympia, Dec. 15-19.

BRIGHTON: Burning the Clocks, lantern procession and fireworks, Dec. 21.

SALISBURY: Winter Solstice celebrations at Stonehenge, Dec. 22.

EXMOUTH: Christmas Day Swim, starts 11 a.m., Dec. 25.

LONDON: The Peter Pan Cup, race open to Serpentine Swimming Club Members only, Hyde Park, Dec. 25.

LONDON: New Year’s Eve fireworks, Thames riverbanks, Dec. 31.

Estonia

TALLINN: Christmas market, through Jan. 8.

Finland

TAMPERE: We Jazz, jazz festival, through Dec. 4.

HELSINKI: Christmas market, through Dec. 22.

HELSINKI: Dog Show, Exhibition and Convention Center, through Dec. 4.

HELSINKI: St. Lucia Day, Lutheran Cathedral, Dec. 13.

HELSINKI: Tsiga Boom!, family circus, Exhibition and Convention Center, Dec. 26-Jan. 8.

France

STRASBOURG: Christmas market, through Dec. 24.

COLMAR: Christmas market, through Dec. 29.

PARIS: Africolor Music Festival, through Dec. 24.

PARIS: Jours de Fetes, funfair at La Villette, through Jan. 1.

NANCY: Saint Nicholas festivities, Dec. 3-4.

ROUBAIX: La Braderie de l'Art, art fair and exchange, Dec. 3-4.

PARIS: Nautic, international boat show, Porte de Versailles, Dec. 3-10.

RIBEAUVILLE: Medieval Christmas market, Dec. 3-4 and 10-11.

RENNES: Trans Musicales, contemporary music festival, Dec. 7-11.

LYON: Fete des Lumieres, light festival, Dec. 8-11.

AVORIAZ: Rock on Snow, ski and snowboard gear testing and DJ sets, Dec. 9-11.

EPERNAY: Habits de Lumiere, illuminations and entertainment along the avenue de Champagne, Dec. 9-11.

LES DEUX ALPES: Rise Festival, ski season opens with parties and live music, Dec. 10-17.

Germany

HAMBURG: Hamburg DOM, volksfest, through Dec. 4.

MUNICH: Food & Life, culinary show, Messe, through Dec. 4.

TUEBINGEN: Chocolart, chocolate fair and illuminations, through Dec. 4.

HEIDELBERG: Enjoy Jazz Festival, through Dec. 12.

MUNICH: Tollwood Winter Festival, Theresienwiese, through Dec. 31.

BAMBERG: Nativity Trail, crèche scenes in churches and squares, through Jan. 6.

RUST: Winter at Europa-Park, through Jan. 6.

NUREMBERG: Retro Classics Bavaria, classic auto show, Messe, through Dec. 4.

DRESDEN: Stollenfest, Dec. 3.

MANNHEIM: Toxicator, electronic music party, Maimarkthalle, Dec. 3.

ESSEN: Essen Motor Show, Messe, through Dec. 11.

FRANKFURT: European Outdoor Film Tour, Uni Frankfurt, Dec. 3; also Heidelberg Dec. 4; Garmisch-Partenkirchen Dec. 10; Mainz Dec. 17.

FRANKFURT: Night of the Proms, line-up includes Kool & The Gang, Amy Macdonald, Nik Kershaw and others, Dec. 6-7; also Stuttgart Dec. 15 and Munich Dec. 16-18.

HANNOVER: Pferd & Jagd, fair for hunting, fishing and horseback riding, Messe, Dec. 8-11.

KARLSRUHE: Knock Out Festival, indoor heavy metal fest, Schwarzwaldhalle, Dec. 10.

COCHEM: Christmas at Cochem Castle, Dec. 10-11.

TRIPPSTADT: Small Christmas Market in Finsterbrunnental, Haus der Nachhaltigkeit, Dec. 11.

MUNICH: Krampus Runs, Marienplatz, Dec. 11.

BERLIN: Louis Lewandowski Festival, celebration of synagogue music, Dec. 15-18.

FRANKFURT: International Horse Riding Show, Festhalle, Dec. 15-18.

WIESBADEN: Christmas Circus, Festplatz Gibber Kerb, Dec. 22-Jan. 8.

TRIBERG: Christmas Magic, Dec. 25-30.

BERLIN: Silvester, Brandenburg Gate, Dec. 31.

TRIER: Silvesterlauf, 5 and 8 km runs, Dec. 31.

OBERSTDORF: Four Hills Tournament, ski jumping competition, Dec. 29; also Garmisch-Partenkirchen Jan. 1.

Hungary

BUDAPEST: Christmas fair and winter festival at Vorosmarty Square, through Jan. 1.

Ireland

CORK: Glow, Christmas themed winter wonderland, Bishop Lucey Park, Fri.-Sun. only, through Jan. 8.

WATERFORD: Winterval, Christmas themed events and market, through Dec. 23.

DUBLIN: Funderland, RDS grounds, Dec. 26-Jan. 15.

DUBLIN: New Year’s Eve celebrations, Dec. 30-Jan. 1.

Italy

TURIN: Torino Film Festival, through Dec. 3.

TURIN: XMas Comics and Games, Lingotto Fiere, Dec. 3-4.

MILAN: L’Artigiano in Fiera, craftsmen sell their wares, Fieramilano, Dec. 3-11.

FLORENCE: River to River, Indian film festival, Dec. 6-11.

CERNOBBIO: City of Toys, Dec. 7-Jan. 8.

SALERNO: Luci d’Artista, light installations, Dec. 2 through end of Jan.

COUNTRYWIDE: Feast Day of the Immaculate Conception, Dec. 8.

TOBLACH: Krampus Parade, Dec. 9.

SIRACUSA: Procession of Santa Lucia, Dec. 13.

ORVIETO: Umbria Winter Jazz, Dec. 28-Jan. 1.

Lithuania

VILNIUS: Christmas Village, through Jan. 1.

Luxembourg

CITY: Winterlights, Christmas market and festivities, through Jan. 8.

CITY: Stoffen Spektakel, fabrics fair, Luxexpo The Box, Dec. 3.

Malta

VALLETTA: The Malta International Christmas Choir Festival, Dec. 2-4.

RABAT: Għar ta' Mħabba, celebration of Maltese Christmas traditions, Dec. 8.

VALLETTA: Republic Day, Dec. 13.

Monaco

MONTE CARLO: Monte Carlo Jazz Festival, through Dec. 4.

Netherlands

VALKENBERG: Christmas Town, through Jan. 8.

AMSTERDAM: Amsterdam Light Festival, Dec. 1-Jan. 22.

MAASTRICHT: Magical Maastricht, Christmas market, skating rink and Ferris wheel, Dec. 1-30.

AMSTERDAM: Masters of Lxry, lifestyle fair, RAI, Dec. 8-12.

DEVENTER: Dickens Festival, Victorian themed Christmas market, Dec. 10-11.

AMSTERDAM: Winter Circus, Royal Theater Carre, Dec. 15-Jan. 1.

GOUDA: Candle Night, Dec. 16.

AMSTERDAM: Valhalla, circus and electronic music festival, RAI, Dec. 17.

ZWOLLE: Ice sculpture exhibition, Dec. 17-March 5.

AMSTERDAM: Funky Christmas Market, Westergasfabriek, Dec. 18.

THE HAGUE: Christmas Circus, Dec. 24-Jan. 8.

Norway

OSLO: Christmas market, Norsk Folkemuseum, Dec. 3-4 and 10-11.

Poland

KRAKOW: Christmas cribs competitions, Dec. 1.

WARSAW: Watch Docs, human rights film festival, Dec. 2-11.

POZNAN: Ice Sculpture Festival, Dec. 9-11.

Portugal

LISBON: Misty Fest, songwriter and world music festival, dates through Dec. 6.

OBIDOS: Vila Natal, Christmas Town, through Dec. 30.

LISBON: Sao Silvestre race, 10 km run through city center, Dec. 17.

Scotland

EDINBURGH: Christmas at the Botanics, illuminated trail through the Botanical Gardens, through Dec. 30.

EDINBURGH: Winter Festival, shows, rides, attractions and Christmas market stalls, through Jan. 1.

EDINBURGH: Christmas Craft, Art and Design Fair, Assembly Rooms, Dec. 3-4.

EDINBURGH: The Santa Run, runners race in Santa costumes to benefit charity, West Princes Street Gardens, Dec. 4.

GLASGOW: Glasgow’s Santa Dash, participants race in Santa costumes to benefit charity, George Square, Dec. 11.

GLASGOW: The Irn Bru Carnival, Europe’s largest indoor funfair, SEC, Dec. 23-Jan. 15.

KIRKWALL: The Ba’, historical street ball game, Dec. 25 and Jan. 1.

EDINBURGH: Hogmanay, New Year celebrations include torchlit procession Dec. 30, street party, concert in the gardens and ceilidh Dec. 31; Loony Dook swim in the River Forth, Jan. 1.

INVERNESS: Red Hot Highland Fling, Hogmanay celebrations, Dec. 31.

STONEHAVEN: Fireball Festival, Hogmanay celebrations, Dec. 31.

Slovenia

POSTOJNA: Living Nativity Scenes in the Postojna Cave, Dec. 25-30.

Spain

MADRID: Arts and Crafts Fair, Paseo de Recoletos, through Dec. 30.

VALENCIA: Feria del Automovil, auto show, fairgrounds, through Dec. 6.

OLIVA (FUERTEVENTURA): Dunes de Fuerteventura Half Marathon, Dec. 3.

SEVILLE: Festivity of the Immaculate Conception, Dec. 8.

LEON: Purple Weekend Festival, celebrates music and culture of the sixties, Dec. 8-11.

MALAGA: Malaga Marathon, Dec. 11.

MADRID: Almoneda Navidad, antiques fair, trade fairgrounds, Dec. 14-18.

MADRID: San Silvestre Vallecana, 10 km race with thousands of participants, Dec. 31.

MADRID: New Year’s Eve at the Puerta del Sol, Dec. 31.

Sweden

GOTHENBURG: Christmas at Liseberg, dates between Dec. 30.

STOCKHOLM: Hundmaessa, dog show, fairgrounds, Dec. 10-11.

COUNTRYWIDE: Santa Lucia, candlelit processions, Dec. 13.

Switzerland

MONTREUX: Montreux Comedy Festival, shows performed in English, through Dec. 3.

BULLE: Gouts et Terroirs, gourmet food show, Espace Gruyere, through Dec. 4.

LAUSANNE: Lumieres, light installations, through Dec. 24.

SOLOTHURN: Kunst Supermarkt, art fair, through Jan. 8.

DAVOS: Songbird Festival, singer and songwriter festival, through Dec. 18.

FRIBOURG: La Saint-Nicolas, celebrations honor city's patron saint, Dec. 3-4.

VEYTAUX: Christmas at the Chateau, Dec. 3-4, 10-11 and 17-18.

ZURICH: Samichlaus-Schwimmen, swimmers in Santa outfits jump into the lake, Dec. 4.

GENEVA: Escalade, commemorates attack on city ramparts in 1602, Dec. 9-11.

FRIBOURG: Christmas Market of Artisans and Creators, Arsen’Alt, Dec. 9-11.

LENZERHEIDE: Magic Forest, shows, culinary specialties and illuminations, Dec. 16-Jan. 4.

ZURICH: Lichterschwimmen, floating candles on the Limmat River, Dec. 22.

Wales

CARDIFF: Cardiff’s Winter Wonderland, through Jan. 8.

CONWY: Winterfest, includes torchlit parade, Dec. 10.

TENBY: Boxing Day Swim, Dec. 26.